Normative Ethics And Ethical Ethics Essay - 1434 Words

Normative ethics is defined as the study of ethical action, or in other words, the analysis of how one should act when faced with a dilemma, morally speaking. It evaluates the standards with regard the rightness and wrongness of an act. Descriptive ethics investigates moral beliefs while normative ethics evaluates actions. While descriptive ethics how many people believe that act is ethical, normative ethics investigate whether it is correct to have these beliefs. normative ethics therefore can aid in applied ethics, which is a philosophical examination of what will be the morally correct course to take in different areas of one s life. This makes normative ethics crucial in understanding whether Frankie did the moral thing in the movie Million Dollar Baby. The movie Million Dollar Baby revolves around the painful questions, and perennially ethical dilemma associated with euthanasia -- whether it is correct or wrong, whether the wishes to die of a dying person should be entertained and respected, and whether taking a life can be ever considered, regardless of the circumstances surrounding the decision. No standard answers can be given to these questions; it ultimately depends on the person’s moral compass and the ethical theory he or she adheres to. The paper will analyze Frankie’s actions using two major normative ethical theories of utilitarianism and deontology. Frankie is the old, Catholic trainer of the female boxer protagonist, Maggie. When Maggie sustained seriousShow MoreRelatedEthical Ethics And Normative Ethics1078 Words   |  5 Pagestwo questions are examples of why mete-ethics and normative ethics exist. To be able to create an environmental ethic, one must have a sense of moral conclusion. Whether these mor als are categorized through self-interest or obligation, meta ethics and normative ethics try to decipher these notions. To derive a normative ethic, meta-ethics needs to explain the language of morality, and how do humans come to a consensus of specific actions and thoughts. Ethics, by short definition, is how we (humans)Read MoreNormative Ethics And Ethical Ethics1586 Words   |  7 PagesNormative ethics is a study that tries to determine which things are good, which actions are right, which motives are worthy and which character traits are virtues. In other words, normative ethics is a philosophy about what we should morally do. Metaethics is a theory about normative ethics which is concerned about what exactly do normative ethics are claiming. This is a philosophy about the nature of moral claims, moral judgements and moral disagreements made by the normative ethics. Many theologiansRead MoreEthical Theories Of Normative Ethics1259 Words   |  6 PagesOver the last couple o f weeks in Philosophy 103, we learned five theories concerning normative ethics: utilitarianism, duty ethics, virtue ethics, care ethics, and natural law ethics. While learning about those theories, I often thought about how the arguments for some theories included interesting ideas that I personally agreed with, but the methods of reasoning were somewhat lacking. Contrastingly, I encountered theories with arguments that were not thought-provoking ideas at first, but I becameRead MoreFeminist Ethics : A Better Alternative Than Traditional Normative Ethical Theories Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesthe question: Could feminist ethics provide a â€Å"better† alternative than traditional normative ethical theories? In order to answer this question, one must have an understanding of what feminist ethics is and what it aims to accomplish. According to Rosemarie Tong and Nancy Williams, feminist ethics is â€Å"an attempt to revise, reformulate, or rethink traditional ethics to the extent it depreciates or devalues women s moral experience.† An important point in feminist ethics is to understand how genderRead MoreNormative Ethics: Society Determines What Moral and Ethical Act or Action is Correct and Acceptable1446 Words   |  6 PagesNormative ethics are those ethical principles and values that are considered morally correct and express principles of good character, actions that are viewed as right rather than wrong and are commonly accepted and reasonable. The prompt in this assignment refers to the requirement of â€Å"the existence of normative† requiring the practice of normative ethics in how individuals and society determine what moral and ethical act or action is correct and acceptable. Normative ethics embraces the philosophicalRead MoreEthics Paper1177 Words   |  5 PagesEthics Paper Week 1 Assignment Rheana Willis 01/08/2012 Dilemma Choice 2: A married couple, both addicted to drugs, are unable to care for their infant daughter. She is taken from them by court order and placed in a foster home. The years pass. She comes to regard her foster parents as her real parents. They love her as they would their own daughter. When the child is 9 years old, the natural parents, rehabilitated from drugs, begin court action to regain custody. The case is decided in theirRead More Ethical and Philosophical Questions about Value and Obligation977 Words   |  4 PagesEthical and Philosophical Questions about Value and Obligation I Recall the distinction between metaethics and normative ethics. Normative ethics deals with substantial ethical issues, such as, What is intrinsically good? What are our moral obligations? Metaethics deals with philosophical issues about ethics: What is value or moral obligation? Are there ethical facts? What sort of objectivity is possible in ethics? How can we have ethical knowledge? Recall, also, the fundamentalRead MoreThe Normative Foundations Of Public Service Ethics832 Words   |  4 PagesThe Normative Foundations of Public Service Ethics Introduction Those thought to be ethical or moral are described in terms of their values in regards to honesty, integrity and good character. Our ethical conduct originates from our values which are greatly influenced by our morals; they provide guidance and are our standard for the ways in which we carry out and view right and wrong decisions. For these reasons, personal ethics are said to be our foundation and, as such, often influence how we administerRead MorePerformance Appraisal And Compensation Evaluation1018 Words   |  5 PagesBody At work ethics are a part of almost everything we do, this is especially true of performance evaluations. It is very important to approach performance evaluations in an ethical manner as to avoid letting personal or other irrelevant issues cloud the issues at hand. That being said there is more than one type of ethics that you can apply to performance evaluations. I will provide an overview of the types of ethics I will use and evaluate the ways in which the use of these ethics would be practicalRead MoreNormative ethical subjectivism and the four arguments aganist it with examples1418 Words   |  6 PagesNormative ethical subjectivism is an ethical stance that attempts to specify circumstances under which an action is morally right or wrong using four distinct arguments that try to prove this claim. Normative ethical subjectivism claims that an act is morally right if, and only if, the person judging the action approves of it. Stemming form this view on ethics a normative ethical theory has been made. An ethical theory is a theory of what is right and wrong. This stance on ethics is the opposite

Animal Testing Causes Millions Of Animal Deaths Each Year.

Animal testing causes millions of animal deaths each year. It has been used repeatedly in the laboratory and medical research. In many years, animal testing for medical research has come under several criticisms from the group of animal protection. Most animals being used in the research are mostly not protected by the Animal Welfare Act which includes rabbits, hamsters, cats, and mice. Some people indicate that since animals are different species from humans, animal testing results with uncertainty as to its validity. However, there are also some people who are in favor of animal testing. They make an argument that animal testing is necessary to give an advance medical knowledge. Nevertheless, animals go through needless suffering for our†¦show more content†¦Because of many cellular, metabolic, and anatomical are different between the two species, there will be the difficulties in the result of the drug test. People using animals to test for toxicity must not be accepted s ince humans are nowhere close to many kilograms of rats. Hence, the research data is unclear between humans and animals. Second, animal testing is not reliable to predict the results in humans. Many drug tests found safe in animals fail in humans by harming them or even lead to their death. Animal testing would possibly link to misleading research. Even though some may argue that animal subjects are the way to investigate diseases by providing a high chance of addressing health problems such as heart disease and stroke, it can mislead researchers to cause illness or death by failing to figure out the poisonous effects of medicines. Greek indicates that â€Å"more than half of the medications released between 1976 and 1985 were taken off the market or relabeled because dangerous side effects were discovered†. These risks can lead to hospitalization and death to human beings because researchers are not really noticing any side effect in humans, despite animal experiments. As a result, these drugs had to be labeled with a new warning from the market. Greeks continue to state that â€Å"animal experience does not continue because of the great medical strides that are falsely attributed to it†. It is impossible for us to estimate how many useful drugs may have beenShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing Is Wrong?1288 Words   |  6 Pages ANIMAL TESTING IS WRONG The words animal testing mean to perform procedures on living animals for the research of basic human biology and diseases, finding out the effectiveness of new medical products, and testing the human health and environmental safety of consumer and industry products like cosmetics, household cleaners, food additives, pharmaceuticals and industrial/agro-chemicals and means using other living organisms except humans for testing. All procedures, even those classifiedRead MoreAnimal Testing And Its Morality1283 Words   |  6 PagesARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY Every year in the United States of America more than 100 million helpless animals will suffer and die from malicious chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics tests. Rabbits, Cats, birds, reptiles and amphibians are not covered by the minimal protections of the Animal Welfare Act, so they go unnoticed towards the millions of sufferers. Millions of rodents, birds, rabbits, primates, felines, canines, and other types of animals are locked inside barren cages in laboratories acrossRead MoreIs Animal Testing Wrong or Right? Essay960 Words   |  4 Pagesall animal testing that is effective on animals are ineffective on humans (ASPCA). Despite this alarming statistic, scientists still use animals in these experiments. Scientist give the animals no choice in whether they or going to be used in an experiment. Animal testing is when scientist use products, vaccinations or other things they develop for humans and use on animals. Scientist use all types of animals, but the most common are rats, m ice, birds, reptiles and amphibians (ASPCA). Animal testingRead MoreAnimals Should Not Be Used For Biomedical Research1635 Words   |  7 PagesAnimals have been used from the beginning of time the ancient civilisations used animal testing to find answers to the unknown for example why do animals exist romans greeks simply dissected animals to have knowledge. Now days animals are used to understand basic human biology, so called â€Å"models† for studying human biology and disease. Improvements in human health, vaccines and medicines. Another type of animal use is for cosmetics. Even though people believe that biomedical research is a wayRead MoreThe Use Of Animals For Research Testing Essay1547 Words   |  7 Pagesother. With hundreds of topics to solve, there was one that stood out, animal testing. The use of animals for research testing is an issue that has been debated whether or not it is acceptable or not. Within this questionable topic, our main focus is on the researchers, animals, users, and environment. Terms that you may associate with animal testing would vary greatly, but there are some that can be used as an example such as testing, experiment, abuse, negligence, and acceptable. Have you ever thoughtRead MoreAnimal Abuse Happens All Across The World. Not Many People1576 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal abuse happens all across the world. Not many people are thinking about the harm done to animals each and every day, others don’t even care. There are many ways animal abuse can occur that many are not aware of, and some may be doing them and not even know it is abuse. Clothes made out of fur, animals in the circus, dogfighting, dogs chained up or tied to a rope in the owner’s yard, product testing, and whaling, are all examples of abuse. 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They feel pain and fear similarly to the way humans do, in fact their reactions to pain are almost identical. Therefore should not be taken advantage of or used as test dummies. The consequence of te sting on animals for the greater good doesRead MoreEssay on Results of Animal Testing783 Words   |  4 Pageshumanity, multitude amounts of animals are mistreated and eradicated during animal testing. Because testing on animals has become a law throughout the world, a lot of scientists have not realized the immortality that has been put upon the animals. Is it fair to test cosmetics and potential carcinogens on animals? During each year, millions of animals are tested on for biomedical research, chemical testing and training (Lee Bowman 2011). Testing cosmetics and chemicals on animals is catastrophic becauseRead MoreAnimal Testing Is A Global Concern894 Words   |  4 Pagestypes of animal species are subjects for many scientific and research based experiments. Figure 1, shows how much of each group of animals are used in the testing. Over 75% of the animals used in research are mice followed by fish, amphibians, birds and the reptiles and other rodents and rabbits are used the less. Animal testing is a global concern that is being faced all over the world. This practice involves the injection of drugs, chemicals and other substances into millions of animals on a daily

Management Accounting for Samsung Company Founded

Question: Describe about the Management Accounting for Samsung Company Founded. Answer: Introduction Management accounting is procedure that identifies, determines and analyzes the financial and business information in pursuance with the objectives of the organization. It is the process that is interpreted and communicated between the executives of the companies for the purpose of business decisions for expansion and better performance. Management accounting is generally practiced in three business areas known as performance management, strategic management and risk management. Over the years, management accounting has been critical element in the business entities and has seen many changes both within the existing industry as well as outside the established domains (Quattrone 2016). The following assignment highlights the current issues of management accounting of Samsung Company founded on 1st March 1938 by Lee Byung- chul in South Korea. Currently the companys revenue is US$ 305 billion while the net income is US$22.1 billion and the number of employees is around 489,000. The company deals in apparel products, electronic products, telecommunication products and similar other products along with the services in advertising, finance, medical and healthcare (samsunglife.com 2016). Discussion Management accounting is one of the critical measures of the business information as it helps in taking decisions and requires to use appropriate techniques and procedures. Over the past years, management accounting process is experiencing many changes that certain organizations are not able to implement accurately (Lay 2016). Samsung is one of the largest companies in recent times and one of the fastest growing organizations in the sale of electronic gadgets but the company is facing several management accounting issues. It is the first company from Korea that listed in Dow Jones with the three significant benchmark values i.e. strategy of green management, efficient and effective communication and competitiveness. However, in recent years the company faced issues on strategic management as well as performance management due to which the share price of the company dropped at a high percentage (Verbeeten and Spekl 2015). The group has researched, surveyed and selected the articles th at identify the management accounting issues of Samsung based on the recent articles dated after 1 December 2015. The group has researched many articles of newspapers, magazine and other sources including the library database from MyAthens. The assignment has been presented on the selected articles based on the issues of companys strategic, performance and risk management as well as issues on compliances with management accounting principles and regulations. Strategic and performance management According to the recent article, it has been noted that the company had stopped the sales of one of its electronic communication product in Australia because of the issues in production technique. It had been observed that the product had chances of catching fire due to fault in the battery of the product. Management of the company is responsible for such fault as it occurred in the production procedure of the products. Hence, one of the management accounting issue faced by Samsung was performance management (afr.com 2016). Further, the company also faced loss of revenue amounted to US$700 million in the span of two years from the mining production and services. The company faced this issue due to a contractor who delayed the project due to its insolvency. It can be said that the company experienced such loss due to lack of performance and strategic management (Theaustralian.com.au 2016). Risk management In order to maximize the business profitability and maintain the sustainability, it is important to strengthen the risk management that eventually protects the values of clients and organizations. The management of the company undertook the measures to manage the potential risks that may hamper the business values, standards and thereby its performance. It classified the probable risk into insurance, rate of interest for investment, rate of return for investors, liquidity and other elements of business (samsunglife.com 2016). However, it was noted that the company would incur loss because of the issues in management accounting resulting from managing the expected risk and actual risk that had occurred to the organization. The issues also revolved with respect to the amount of obligations actually paid by the company and expected to be paid. Samsung had to face the risk on interest rate due to the differences and inappropriate valuation of assets and liabilities. Other issues that Sam sung faced due to lack of proper management of business risk was market risk, credit risk as well as liquidity risk (Arnaboldi, Lapsley and Steccolini 2015). Due to unfortunate fluctuations in the exchange rates, interest rates the management failed to estimate the accurate value of liabilities and debts and other financial components. As a result, the company had incurred huge losses, fall in the market price of securities and consumers loyalty. Management accounting compliances Management accounting derives the expected or budgeted cost of production other than the functions of managing business. In order to take business decisions regarding investment, business expansion or product diversification it is important to analyze the cost and return from the potential business. To determine and evaluate the outcome of potential business plans several methods and applications of cost and income undertaken by the management. However, the significant issues in managing these accounts are compliance of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). It has been noted that Samsung failed to comply the requirements of GAAP in preparation and presentation of several management accounting for measuring the net present value of the proposed investment in a sector of electronic and communicating appliances (Bromiley et al. 2015). Another issue that Samsung Ltd experienced in the management accounting maintenance is the cost structure. Preparation of management accounting requires executives with specialized skill and knowledge along with the high cost of preparing, analyzing and designing the technical aspects of business (Eshwaish, Hussein and Abdullah 2016). For instance, if Samsung opts to present its cost accounting services based on the activity- based costing system the company would be able to analyze the expenses that may not be required by the company. SWOT Analysis Strength: Samsung is one of the strong companies for innovating the technology by investing in research and development. During the year 2015, it expended around US$14.1 billion in researching and developing the technologies Although the company experienced several issues on management accounting, loss in revenue yet Samsung is considered to be the fastest growing organization in the sector of telecommunication and electronic products. It can also be noted that the Samsung has strong marketing efficiency including the operating system of various electronic devices (Kothari, Mizik and Roychowdhury 2015). Weakness: In the sector of electronic products especially in case of Smartphone, the company is facing competitiveness with the telecommunication company of China. Samsung lacks in matching the marketing efficiency of Apple Inc for instance, the price of Apples share increased by 34.9% whereas the market of Samsung dropped by 2.3% during the year 2014- 2015. Opportunities: Considering the companys strength in technology innovation, opportunities for sales in mobile electronic devices are growing. Apart from that, demand for online marketing in electronic devices is also growing considering the reasonable price structure of the products. Threats: Since the primary production and marketing of the companys product is in electronic devices including mobile devices, its primary dominating entity is Apple Inc. Besides, the management issue for appropriate production process is also a matter of concern with respect to the companys reputation, product quality and reliability. Recommendation Organizations business decisions are critical and significant for its profitability and sustainability. Considering the recent articles on Samsung the issues on management accounting as well as the potential opportunities has been identified. Accordingly, the company is recommended to prepare a management policy that defines its business strategy to and appropriate product-manufacturing procedures. Since one of the electronic products faced the fault in battery operation therefore, the management is required to conduct verification in the operating system to detect the cause of failure. The policy of the management accounting should state the appropriate systems to prepare and present the cost statements and other required statements for the products and services. In order to manage the performance management, Samsung Ltd. is recommended to adopt the appropriate operating system that assists the company to manufacture the error free products. Further, the management of the company ma y take the steps to improve the communication process between the executive employees so that any sort of disputes can be sort. Considering the issues on risk management, the company is required to analyze the economic structure and current market scenario so that the rate of interest and return can be estimated with accuracy. As the market rates tend to fluctuate, the management is recommended to estimate the provisions for potential loss and expenses on investment. Additionally, the management of Samsung Ltd. is required to analyze, evaluate and determine the appropriate value of obligation that the company would need to pay off. Such evaluation and estimation would enable the company to estimate the related expense and determine the profitability. The management is recommended to ensure the compliance of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles while preparing the budget statement, cost analysis statement or any other management accounting statement. Conclusion It can be concluded that Samsung Limited is one of the fastest growing companies in the sector of electronic products but in recent years, the company is experiencing certain management accounting issues. Companys business decisions and performance depends on the accuracy and appropriate presentation of the management accounting. It helps in measuring the budgeted costs and sales, optimum production units, investment outcomes and expected risks, optimum process of production and several other business functions. Over the past years, Samsung is facing problems in strategic and performance management along with the risk management because of which it incurred huge loss in the revenue. Further, the company faced issues in maintaining the risk management for rate of interest and rate of return due to unfavorable market fluctuations. However, the company has been recommended to follow policies, better communication measures and compliance of principles in preparation and presentation of m anagement accounting. It can be said that despite of the management issues, Samsung is one of largest dealer of the electronic products and the company is taking measures on preparing accurate management accounting. Reference List afr.com, 2016. samsung halts sale of galaxy note7 over fire concerns. [online] https://www.afr.com. Available at: .https://www.afr.com/technology/samsung-halts-sale-of-galaxy-note7-over-fire-concerns-20160902-gr7uxf [Accessed 20 Sep. 2016]. Arnaboldi, M., Lapsley, I. and Steccolini, I., 2015. Performance management in the public sector: The ultimate challenge.Financial Accountability Management,31(1), pp.1-22. Bromiley, P., McShane, M., Nair, A. and Rustambekov, E., 2015. Enterprise risk management: Review, critique, and research directions.Long range planning,48(4), pp.265-276. Eshwaish, A., Hussein, W.N. and Abdullah, Z.M., 2016. ACCOUNTING RESPONSIBILITY-ENHANCING ITS ROLE IN RISK MANAGEMENT-AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF A TRADE BANK OF IRAQ.Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, p.575. Kothari, S.P., Mizik, N. and Roychowdhury, S., 2015. Managing for the moment: The role of earnings management via real activities versus accruals in SEO valuation.The Accounting Review,91(2), pp.559-586. Lay, T.A., 2016. Business Strategy, Strategic Role of Accountant, Strategic Management Accounting and their Links to Firm Performance: An Exploratory Study of Manufacturing Companies in Malaysia.Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal,7(1). Quattrone, P., 2016. Management accounting goes digital: Will the move make it wiser?.Management Accounting Research,31, pp.118-122. samsunglife.com, 2016. companyeng/pdf/2010_SR_eng_1_Business_1_3. https://www.samsunglife.com. Available from: https://www.samsunglife.com/companyeng/pdf/2010_SR_eng_1_Business_1_3.pdf [Accessed on: 19 Sep. 2016]. Theaustralian.com.au. 2016. Samsungs mining foray backfires. Available from: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/mining-energy/samsung-mining-foray-with-gina-rineharts-roy-hill-mine-backfires/news-story/5a30a680de25e0cfd4ff28dd9b1bcd47 [Accessed on: 19 Sep. 2016]. Verbeeten, F.H. and Spekl, R.F., 2015. Management control, results-oriented culture and public sector performance: Empirical evidence on New Public management.Organization studies,36(7), pp.953-978.

Silent Essays - Angiology, Blood Pressure, Aorta, Artery, Blood

Silent Killer Uncontrolled high blood pressure, hypertension, is one of the leading causes of disability or death due to stroke, heart attack, heart failure and kidney failure. High blood pressure has been described as "the silent killer" because it often occurs without symptoms. Headaches, blurred vision, nosebleeds, or dizziness may occur, but these symptoms are not specific to high blood pressure. Everybody has, and needs blood pressure. Without it, blood cannot circulate through the body. And without circulating blood, vital organs cannot get the oxygen and food that they need to work. So it's important to know the role of blood pressure, and the organs and systems that help regulate it. The explanation of blood pressure begins with the cardiovascular system, the system responsible for circulating blood through the heart and blood vessels. When the heart beats, a surge of blood is released from the left ventricle, which is the heart's main pumping chamber, into an intricate web of blood vessels that spread throughout the body. The arteries are the blood vessels that carry nutrients and oxygenated blood from the heart to the body's tissues and organs. The largest artery, aorta, is connected to the left ventricle and serves as the main channel for blood leaving the heart. The aorta branches off into smaller arteries, which turn into even smaller arteries, called arterioles. (1) Within the body's tissues and organs are microscopic blood vessels called capillaries. The capillaries exchange nutrients and fresh oxygen from the arterioles for carbon dioxide and other waste products produced by our cells. This "used" blood is sent back to the heart through a system of blood vessels called veins. When it reaches the heart, blood from the veins is routed to the lungs, where it releases carbon dioxide and picks up a new supply of oxygen. This freshly oxygenated blood is sent back to the heart, ready to begin a new journey. Other waste products are removed as blood passes through the kidneys. (1) To keep this process working and all of the 11 pints of blood in our body moving, a certain amount of pressure is required. Blood pressure is the force that's exerted on the artery walls as blood passes through. This force helps keep blood in the arteries flowing smoothly. Several factors help control blood pressure and keep it from increasing too high or decreasing too low. They include three major organs; heart, arteries, and kidneys. When the heart releases blood into the aorta, a certain amount of force is created by the pumping action of the heart muscle. The harder the heart muscle has to work to release blood, the greater the force exerted on the arteries. To assist the surge of blood coming from the heart, the arteries are lined with smooth muscles that allow them to expand and contract as blood flows through. The more "elastic" the arteries are, the less resistant they are to the flow of blood and the less force exerted on their walls. When arteries lose their "elasticity" or become narrowed, resistance to blood flow increases and additional force is needed to push blood through the vessels. (1) The kidneys regulate the volume of water circulating in the body and the amount of sodium the body contains. More sodium in the body means that more water is retained in the circulation and may cause an increase in blood pressure. More sodium in the body also may increase the tendency for blood vessels to narrow. The central nervous system, hormones, and enzymes are other factors that also influence blood pressure. Within the walls of the heart and several blood vessels, are tiny structures called baroreceptors. The baroreceptors' job is to monitor the pressure of blood through the arteries and veins. If a change is noticed, the baroreceptors send signals to the brain; to slow down or speed up the heart rate, or to widen or narrow the arteries to keep the blood pressure within a normal range. (1) The brain reacts on the messages from the baroreceptors, by signaling the release of hormones and enzymes that affect the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys. Epinephrine, adrenaline, is one of the most significant hormones to affect blood pressure. Epinephrine is released during high periods of stress or tension. The release of Epinephrine, causes the arteries to narrow and heart contractions become stronger and rapid, increasing the pressure on the arteries. Blood pressure is the measure of the force generated by the heart against the artery walls. This force is expressed as two numbers, such as 110 over